Slides include descriptions and assessments on feasibility for each replacement/alternative assessed.
Webpage
ITRC Risk Communication Toolkit for Environmental Issues and Concerns
ITRC’s risk communication toolkit outlines best practices for delivering important information on current, immediate, and emerging environmental issues and concerns, like PFAS.
EPA Drinking Water Health Advisories for PFOA and PFOS
EPA issued interim updated drinking water health advisories for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) that replace those EPA issued in 2016. The updated advisory levels, which are based on new science and consider lifetime exposure, indicate that some negative health effects may occur with concentrations of PFOA or PFOS in water that are near zero. These interim health advisories will remain in place until EPA establishes a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation.
CDC/ATSDR Minimum Risk Levels for PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA
This webpage details ATSDR’s Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs), which are screening levels used to identify environmental exposures that might harm people’s health.
EPA Toxicity Assessments
EPA has developed toxicity assessments as part of the human health risk assessment process to summarize potential health effects associated with a chemical and exposure levels at which those health effects might occur. In 2022, EPA finalized human health toxicity assessments for PFBS and GenX Chemicals.
EPA Draft Aquatic Life Criteria for PFOA and PFOS
In 2022, EPA published draft national recommended aquatic life criteria regarding the effects of PFOA and PFOS on freshwater organisms. Once finalized, states can adopt these recommended criteria into water quality standards to protect against the harmful effects of the chemicals on aquatic life.
Clean Water Act (CWA)
There are several CWA authorities that can be used to address PFAS in surface water, including authroizing EPA and states to limit or prohibit discharges of PFAS in the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits they issue, or requiring EPA to establish technolgy-based Effluent Limitation Guidelines for industrial dischargers.
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
TSCA is the authority EPA uses to manage risks for chemicals, including PFAS.
ASDWA White Paper: Lessons Learned from States and Challenges Ahead in Setting State-Level PFAS Standards
Focuses on how states are setting PFAS standards in drinking water
ECOS/ERIS PFAS Risk Communications Hub
ECOS and ASTHO in 2018 developed a clearinhouse of PFAS risk communication resources and FAQs on how to communicate to four key audiences (the public, media, legislatures, and clinicians) about PFAS.